Born in the gold mining hot bed of Tarkwa, Ghana, T. P. Manus Ulzen is the oldest of 5 children. His parents were both educators. He grew up in Bolgatanga, Wa, Wenchi, Accra, Kumasi and Takoradi in Ghana until he was 12 years old. He started high school at the age of 10 at St. Augustine�s College, Cape Coast and continued his education at Kabulonga School for Boys in Lusaka, Zambia after his family left Ghana following the 1966 coup which ended Nkrumah�s first republic. He returned to Ghana to complete his high school education at Ghana Secondary Technical School, Takoradi. Though, greatly interested in liberal arts pursuits, he chose medicine as a career and graduated from the University of Ghana Medical School at the age of 22, becoming the youngest physician in his country at the time. After working as a general physician in Cape Coast, he left Ghana in 1980 for Canada to begin his specialist training. He completed his post graduate studies in Psychiatry at the University of Toronto in 1985 and has since had a successful career as an academic psychiatrist. He has been on the faculty at the University of Toronto, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University and is now Professor and Chair of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine in the College of Community Health Sciences at the University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama where he is also Associate Dean for Academic Affairs. He is married to Ekua Mensah, a musician and they have 3 children, Adwoa, Kweku and Kofi.

Born in the gold mining hot bed of Tarkwa, Ghana, T. P. Manus Ulzen is the oldest of 5 children. His parents were both educators. He grew up in Bolgatanga, Wa, Wenchi, Accra, Kumasi and Takoradi in Ghana until he was 12 years old. He started high school at the age of 10 at St. Augustine�s College, Cape Coast and continued his education at Kabulonga School for Boys in Lusaka, Zambia after his family left Ghana following the 1966 coup which ended Nkrumah�s first republic. He returned to Ghana to complete his high school education at Ghana Secondary Technical School, Takoradi. Though, greatly interested in liberal arts pursuits, he chose medicine as a career and graduated from the University of Ghana Medical School at the age of 22, becoming the youngest physician in his country at the time. After working as a general physician in Cape Coast, he left Ghana in 1980 for Canada to begin his specialist training. He completed his post graduate studies in Psychiatry at the University of Toronto in 1985 and has since had a successful career as an academic psychiatrist. He has been on the faculty at the University of Toronto, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University and is now Professor and Chair of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine in the College of Community Health Sciences at the University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama where he is also Associate Dean for Academic Affairs. He is married to Ekua Mensah, a musician and they have 3 children, Adwoa, Kweku and Kofi.

Born in the gold mining hot bed of Tarkwa, Ghana, T. P. Manus Ulzen is the oldest of 5 children. His parents were both educators. He grew up in Bolgatanga, Wa, Wenchi, Accra, Kumasi and Takoradi in Ghana until he was 12 years old. He started high school at the age of 10 at St. Augustine�s College, Cape Coast and continued his education at Kabulonga School for Boys in Lusaka, Zambia after his family left Ghana following the 1966 coup which ended Nkrumah�s first republic. He returned to Ghana to complete his high school education at Ghana Secondary Technical School, Takoradi. Though, greatly interested in liberal arts pursuits, he chose medicine as a career and graduated from the University of Ghana Medical School at the age of 22, becoming the youngest physician in his country at the time. After working as a general physician in Cape Coast, he left Ghana in 1980 for Canada to begin his specialist training. He completed his post graduate studies in Psychiatry at the University of Toronto in 1985 and has since had a successful career as an academic psychiatrist. He has been on the faculty at the University of Toronto, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University and is now Professor and Chair of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine in the College of Community Health Sciences at the University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama where he is also Associate Dean for Academic Affairs. He is married to Ekua Mensah, a musician and they have 3 children, Adwoa, Kweku and Kofi.

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A Certain Arrogance is a reticulation of eight essays on the history of international intelligence (primarily U.S. espionage), on Allen Dulles and John Foster Dulles and their manipulation of religious groups and individuals to achieve U.S. elitist goals, on the development of U.S. psychological warfare operations, and on the sacrifice of Lee Harvey Oswald in the assassination of John F. Kennedy.

American Spymaster Allen Dulles, based in Switzerland, had abused religious (largely Protestant) individuals and institutions for U.S. intelligence through two World Wars and the subsequent "Cold War." His brother John Foster Dulles also used major religious groups (again, largely Protestant) from 1937 through 1959 to further both his own and the American establishment's political and economic goals.

One religious individual, Noel Field (American Quaker, Unitarian, and Marxist) was used by Allen Dulles to manipulate religious relief organizations in World War II and in the post war period. Dulles finally utilized Field to help destabilize Communist Eastern Europe. Dulles apparently collaborated in this plan with Jozef Swiatlo, a Communist/CIA double agent, who later surfaced in the Warren Commission's Kennedy assassination investigation of Lee Harvey Oswald.

Swiss based Albert Schweitzer College had major religious origins that were both social and political. Post war liberal Protestant movements in Europe, including the International Association for Religious Freedom, helped to create the college in Switzerland, the country at the center of Allen Dulles' fifty year spy program. In the United States, the college was supported by a powerful coalition of American religious liberalism, primarily the Unitarian Church, the Unitarian Service Committee, and the American Friends of Albert Schweitzer College.

Albert Schweitzer College's history strongly suggests that American espionage assets helped establish the college and then used it, possibly with the knowledge and even cooperation of some of its religious supporters in the Unitarian Church movement and those who worked for the college in Switzerland. One leading Unitarian who worked closely with both U.S. intelligence and the military in the '40s and '50s was President of the American Friends of Albert Schweitzer College, exactly when Lee Harvey Oswald applied. That same intelligence connected Unitarian worked with a second influential Unitarian to help control U.S. space programs, including the U 2 overflights, and in the '60s, that intelligence connected Unitarian fronted for a major CIA proprietary. Those who set policy for Albert Schweitzer College were, therefore, elite members of the establishment and allies of the Central Intelligence Agency. In 1959, Lee Harvey Oswald registered to attend Albert Schweitzer College and therefore became a direct link between the college and American intelligence.

Whoever masterminded the Oswald college action was knowledgeable about both the OSS's and the CIA's use of Quakers, officials of the World Council of Churchs, and Unitarians as contacts, assets, and informants (often as double agents) AND about the FBI's responsibility in tracking down and identifying Soviet illegals and double agents. Oswald was, therefore, a creature of someone in American counterintelligence who possessed precisely that double body of knowledge.

At the same time that Albert Schweitzer College was extending its international recruiting effort, both the Soviet and American Illegals and False Identity programs were operating. For those espionage groups, Lee Harvey Oswald initially looked like a candidate for their intelligence operations. But Oswald was a stunningly imperfect False Identity/Illegals prospect. A faulty False Identity operation had apparently been carried out using Lee Harvey Oswald and run by a branch of American intelligence.

Oswald's imperfections were certain to trip counterespionage alarm wires. The context of the Oswald "legend" game was Switzerland, earlier the center of massive spy operations run by Allen Dulles in two World Wars and the following Cold War.

Oswald had called maximum attention to his strange exit from the Marines, his dubious trip to Europe, his suspicious registration at Albert Schweitzer College, his failure to arrive at the college, and his so called defection to the Soviet Union. In a very short time, Oswald piled up obviously faulty documents and suspect postal communications. What followed was a major FBI inquiry in 1959 and 1960 that apparently attempted to find the missing Oswald. Oswald's Marine Corps record, including his Pacific duty experience and U 2 service, made him a prime candidate for Soviet civilian and military intelligence, and both American and Soviet intelligence groups were aware of his candidacy.

Oswald's espionage activities most probably included information he gave the Soviets concerning U 2 flights, leading to the collapse of imminent Soviet/American peace talks. He was also apparently scheduled to play a part in exposing Soviet intelligence moles in activist student movements and liberal Protestant institutions like Albert Schweitzer College in both Europe and the United States.

From the moment Oswald registered to attend Unitarian sponsored Albert Schweitzer College, and without ever setting foot in Switzerland, Oswald moved (or was moved) to the center of a complex and dangerous double agent operation.

Lee Harvey Oswald looked possibly too obviously like a false defector. When he returned to the United States as a redefector from the Soviet Union, he was suspect: at least five intelligence agencies (the GRU, KGB, CIA, FBI and ONI) found his curious false identity profile highly suspicious. But that same profile was extremely well suited to those who ultimately planned to murder President John F. Kennedy. Oswald could be manipulated, like the religious institutions that American intelligence had used through almost fifty years, in a half dozen ways and in a half dozen ongoing espionage games.

Why had Lee Harvey Oswald become the designated lone assassin patsy in the JFK murder?

Six years (or more) of complex and questionable U.S. intelligence and espionage activities with their initiators, sponsors, and handlers were threatened if a full investigation of Oswald were held after the assassination of John F. Kennedy.

The threat ran from the very top of the American establishment to the grunt levels of the American military and intelligence.

After the JFK murder, a real investigation of Lee Harvey Oswald would have closely covered, for example, his probable "Marine" intelligence activity, his Cuban contacts, his mail coverage by the CIA's HTLINGUAL program, the Agency's multiple "mole" inquiries, the real origins of Albert Schweitzer College, Oswald's Fair Play For Cuba Committee connections, and the plots against President Eisenhower. A real investigation would have closely examined the persuasive but circumstantial evidence of his employment (after his return to the United States from the Soviet Union) by a yet to be discovered "private investigative agency doing industrial security work" and funded by either U.S.intelligence or the U.S. military. Peter Dale Scott has called attention to the "numerous signs that Oswald's [post defection] employment recurrently coincided with opportunities for surveillance of FBI subversive targets." But Oswald apparently was the field asset of "other investigative agencies as well,...[including] the Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms unit...of the U.S. Treasury." Though Oswald's targets were or seemed to be those of the FBI, he was more likely to have been "an employee not of the FBI but of a private agency with contracts to more than one federal government agency." Therefore, any examination Oswald's real work history after returning from the Soviet Union would have been a dis

A Certain Arrogance is a reticulation of eight essays on the history of international intelligence (primarily U.S. espionage), on Allen Dulles and John Foster Dulles and their manipulation of religious groups and individuals to achieve U.S. elitist goals, on the development of U.S. psychological warfare operations, and on the sacrifice of Lee Harvey Oswald in the assassination of John F. Kennedy.

American Spymaster Allen Dulles, based in Switzerland, had abused religious (largely Protestant) individuals and institutions for U.S. intelligence through two World Wars and the subsequent "Cold War." His brother John Foster Dulles also used major religious groups (again, largely Protestant) from 1937 through 1959 to further both his own and the American establishment's political and economic goals.

One religious individual, Noel Field (American Quaker, Unitarian, and Marxist) was used by Allen Dulles to manipulate religious relief organizations in World War II and in the post war period. Dulles finally utilized Field to help destabilize Communist Eastern Europe. Dulles apparently collaborated in this plan with Jozef Swiatlo, a Communist/CIA double agent, who later surfaced in the Warren Commission's Kennedy assassination investigation of Lee Harvey Oswald.

Swiss based Albert Schweitzer College had major religious origins that were both social and political. Post war liberal Protestant movements in Europe, including the International Association for Religious Freedom, helped to create the college in Switzerland, the country at the center of Allen Dulles' fifty year spy program. In the United States, the college was supported by a powerful coalition of American religious liberalism, primarily the Unitarian Church, the Unitarian Service Committee, and the American Friends of Albert Schweitzer College.

Albert Schweitzer College's history strongly suggests that American espionage assets helped establish the college and then used it, possibly with the knowledge and even cooperation of some of its religious supporters in the Unitarian Church movement and those who worked for the college in Switzerland. One leading Unitarian who worked closely with both U.S. intelligence and the military in the '40s and '50s was President of the American Friends of Albert Schweitzer College, exactly when Lee Harvey Oswald applied. That same intelligence connected Unitarian worked with a second influential Unitarian to help control U.S. space programs, including the U 2 overflights, and in the '60s, that intelligence connected Unitarian fronted for a major CIA proprietary. Those who set policy for Albert Schweitzer College were, therefore, elite members of the establishment and allies of the Central Intelligence Agency. In 1959, Lee Harvey Oswald registered to attend Albert Schweitzer College and therefore became a direct link between the college and American intelligence.

Whoever masterminded the Oswald college action was knowledgeable about both the OSS's and the CIA's use of Quakers, officials of the World Council of Churchs, and Unitarians as contacts, assets, and informants (often as double agents) AND about the FBI's responsibility in tracking down and identifying Soviet illegals and double agents. Oswald was, therefore, a creature of someone in American counterintelligence who possessed precisely that double body of knowledge.

At the same time that Albert Schweitzer College was extending its international recruiting effort, both the Soviet and American Illegals and False Identity programs were operating. For those espionage groups, Lee Harvey Oswald initially looked like a candidate for their intelligence operations. But Oswald was a stunningly imperfect False Identity/Illegals prospect. A faulty False Identity operation had apparently been carried out using Lee Harvey Oswald and run by a branch of American intelligence.

Oswald's imperfections were certain to trip counterespionage alarm wires. The context of the Oswald "legend" game was Switzerland, earlier the center of massive spy operations run by Allen Dulles in two World Wars and the following Cold War.

Oswald had called maximum attention to his strange exit from the Marines, his dubious trip to Europe, his suspicious registration at Albert Schweitzer College, his failure to arrive at the college, and his so called defection to the Soviet Union. In a very short time, Oswald piled up obviously faulty documents and suspect postal communications. What followed was a major FBI inquiry in 1959 and 1960 that apparently attempted to find the missing Oswald. Oswald's Marine Corps record, including his Pacific duty experience and U 2 service, made him a prime candidate for Soviet civilian and military intelligence, and both American and Soviet intelligence groups were aware of his candidacy.

Oswald's espionage activities most probably included information he gave the Soviets concerning U 2 flights, leading to the collapse of imminent Soviet/American peace talks. He was also apparently scheduled to play a part in exposing Soviet intelligence moles in activist student movements and liberal Protestant institutions like Albert Schweitzer College in both Europe and the United States.

From the moment Oswald registered to attend Unitarian sponsored Albert Schweitzer College, and without ever setting foot in Switzerland, Oswald moved (or was moved) to the center of a complex and dangerous double agent operation.

Lee Harvey Oswald looked possibly too obviously like a false defector. When he returned to the United States as a redefector from the Soviet Union, he was suspect: at least five intelligence agencies (the GRU, KGB, CIA, FBI and ONI) found his curious false identity profile highly suspicious. But that same profile was extremely well suited to those who ultimately planned to murder President John F. Kennedy. Oswald could be manipulated, like the religious institutions that American intelligence had used through almost fifty years, in a half dozen ways and in a half dozen ongoing espionage games.

Why had Lee Harvey Oswald become the designated lone assassin patsy in the JFK murder?

Six years (or more) of complex and questionable U.S. intelligence and espionage activities with their initiators, sponsors, and handlers were threatened if a full investigation of Oswald were held after the assassination of John F. Kennedy.

The threat ran from the very top of the American establishment to the grunt levels of the American military and intelligence.

After the JFK murder, a real investigation of Lee Harvey Oswald would have closely covered, for example, his probable "Marine" intelligence activity, his Cuban contacts, his mail coverage by the CIA's HTLINGUAL program, the Agency's multiple "mole" inquiries, the real origins of Albert Schweitzer College, Oswald's Fair Play For Cuba Committee connections, and the plots against President Eisenhower. A real investigation would have closely examined the persuasive but circumstantial evidence of his employment (after his return to the United States from the Soviet Union) by a yet to be discovered "private investigative agency doing industrial security work" and funded by either U.S.intelligence or the U.S. military. Peter Dale Scott has called attention to the "numerous signs that Oswald's [post defection] employment recurrently coincided with opportunities for surveillance of FBI subversive targets." But Oswald apparently was the field asset of "other investigative agencies as well,...[including] the Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms unit...of the U.S. Treasury." Though Oswald's targets were or seemed to be those of the FBI, he was more likely to have been "an employee not of the FBI but of a private agency with contracts to more than one federal government agency." Therefore, any examination Oswald's real work history after returning from the Soviet Union would have been a dis

This is a history/reflection book on a small town in Pennsylvania. The town is full of character and characters-- all real.

This is a history/reflection book on a small town in Pennsylvania. The town is full of character and characters-- all real.

This is a history/reflection book on a small town in Pennsylvania. The town is full of character and characters-- all real.