Consider this as a cram course in modern hypnosis as seen from the point of view of the beginner and from one who has been there and knows where and how to reach that new Plato. As you move toward a new career in hypnosis with the knowhow of how to get there and where during these hard times to go next. Now is to time to train for a new satisfying and profitable business of your own in hypnosis.

Consider this as a cram course in modern hypnosis as seen from the point of view of the beginner and from one who has been there and knows where and how to reach that new Plato. As you move toward a new career in hypnosis with the knowhow of how to get there and where during these hard times to go next. Now is to time to train for a new satisfying and profitable business of your own in hypnosis.

Consider this as a cram course in modern hypnosis as seen from the point of view of the beginner and from one who has been there and knows where and how to reach that new Plato. As you move toward a new career in hypnosis with the knowhow of how to get there and where during these hard times to go next. Now is to time to train for a new satisfying and profitable business of your own in hypnosis.

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Despite more than two centuries of having tacitly recognized its enormous potential utility, the phenomenon of hypnosis has always been commonly regarded with outright Fear and Loathing. How is it possible that something as beneficial to humanity as hypnosis ever came to be viewed in such a horrible manner? I intend to show that the history of hypnotism provides us with the clue to this unfortunate legacy; and I've neither spared anyone's feelings nor pulled any punches in this quest to reveal the shamefully appalling level of incompetence and ignorance that has characterized the (mis)use of this phenomenon since its discovery by Mesmer more than two hundred years ago.

Despite more than two centuries of having tacitly recognized its enormous potential utility, the phenomenon of hypnosis has always been commonly regarded with outright Fear and Loathing. How is it possible that something as beneficial to humanity as hypnosis ever came to be viewed in such a horrible manner? I intend to show that the history of hypnotism provides us with the clue to this unfortunate legacy; and I've neither spared anyone's feelings nor pulled any punches in this quest to reveal the shamefully appalling level of incompetence and ignorance that has characterized the (mis)use of this phenomenon since its discovery by Mesmer more than two hundred years ago.

Despite more than two centuries of having tacitly recognized its enormous potential utility, the phenomenon of hypnosis has always been commonly regarded with outright Fear and Loathing. How is it possible that something as beneficial to humanity as hypnosis ever came to be viewed in such a horrible manner? I intend to show that the history of hypnotism provides us with the clue to this unfortunate legacy; and I've neither spared anyone's feelings nor pulled any punches in this quest to reveal the shamefully appalling level of incompetence and ignorance that has characterized the (mis)use of this phenomenon since its discovery by Mesmer more than two hundred years ago.

The Roots of Modern Hypnosis is a compendium of three classic volumes on hypnosis, written by some of its most important practitioners. Read in sequence, these books provide a fascinating explication of the history of hypnosis, from the “animal magnetism,” “mesmerism,” and “universal fluid” of Franz Anton Mesmer as utilized by Dr. James Esdaile in his surgical facilities in India, to the First Modern (1961) International Congress on Hypnosis in New York City.

The three texts contained in The Roots of Modern Hypnosis are:

Hypnosis in Medicine and Surgery (originally entitled Mesmerism in India), by James Esdaile, M.D. The book contains an introduction and “Supplemental Reports on Hypnoanesthesia” by William S. Kroger, M.D. The original text was published in 1850; a revised edition, containing Dr. Kroger’s introduction and notes, was published in 1957 by The Institute for Research in Hypnosis Publication Society and The Julian Press, Inc.

The Fundamental Principles of Hypnosis (originally entitled The Law of Suggestion) by Stanley L. Krebs, Ph.D., published in 1906. The work was revised by Henry Guze, Ph.D., and republished in 1957, with a new introduction by Milton V. Kline, Ph.D., by The Institute for Research in Hypnosis Publication Society and The Julian Press, Inc.

The Nature of Hypnosis: Transactions of the 1961 [First Modern] International Congress on Hypnosis, edited and with an introduction by Milton V. Kline, Ph.D., Director of The Institute for Research in Hypnosis and Psychotherapy, and a Foreword by Lewis Wolberg, M.D., of The Postgraduate Center for Psychotherapy. The book was jointly published by the Institute and the Center.

Milton V. Kline, Ph.D., Director of The Institute for Research in Hypnosis and Psychotherapy, and of The Institute for Research in Hypnosis Publication Society, conceived the idea of publishing the current edition of each of these texts under a single title, The Roots of Modern Hypnosis. Dr. Kline has been widely acknowledged as one of the foremost experts on medical, psychological, clinical, therapeutic and experimental hypnotherapy and hypnoanalysis, with more than 50 years of experience in using, teaching and conducting research in hypnosis. His recognition and honors have been worldwide.

Hypnosis in Medicine and Surgery
by James Esdaile, M.D.

James Esdaile, M.D., was a young surgeon who was put in charge of a hospital for paupers and criminals in Hooghly, India, and then in charge of a medical facility in Calcutta, in the 1840’s. While in India, he made some of the most significant contributions to the history and evolution of hypnosis as a technique for pain control since it was discovered by Franz Anton Mesmer, circa 1775. In addition, despite the conditions under which he worked (heat, lack of proper sanitation, etc.), Dr. Esdaile proved conclusively that hypnosis was a reliable and relatively risk-free method for inducing deep anesthesia under which surgical operations could take place.

While in India, Dr. Esdaile performed approximately 300 major operations, as well as many more minor procedures, on patients under the “Mesmeric trance.” Among the cases which he treated were the removal of tumors from even the most sensitive parts of the body; the amputation of legs, arms and breasts; the extraction of teeth; the repair of bent limbs; and the cure of headaches, colic, eye inflammations, convulsions and nerve pain. In some cases, Dr. Esdaile was able to hypnotize his patients so deeply that their pupils failed to contract even when exposed to bright sunlight.

As Dr. Kroger points out in his introduction to the revised edition of Hypnosis in Medicine and Surgery, one of the most important aspects of Dr. Esdaile’s work involves the induction of an extraordinarily deep state of hypnosis in virtually all of his patients. Many of those on whom Dr. Esdaile operated lost little blood, manifested few or no signs of shock, and healed exceptionally rapidly, even by present-day standards. Says Dr. Esdaile, “I beg to state, for the satisfaction of those who have not yet a practical knowledge of the subject, that I have seen no bad consequences whatever arise from persons being operated on when in the mesmeric trance. Cases have occurred in which no pain has been felt subsequent to the operation even; the wounds healing in a few days by the first intention; and in the rest, I have seen no indications of any injury being done to the constitution. On the contrary, it appears to me to have been saved, and that less constitutional disturbance has followed than under ordinary circumstances. There has not been a death among the cases operated on.”

Adds Dr. Kroger, “All the refinements in surgical techniques, asepsis, blood plasma, hormones, and antibiotics have failed to match Esdaile’s record. Even...our present results using chemoanesthesia are not as efficacious in preventing surgical shock.”

Dr. Esdaile attributed the success of hypnosis in treating pain and inducing anesthesia to “thought transference,” or “clairvoyance.” He believed that thoughts were placed in the mind of the patient by the doctor, using a special consciousness awakened by mesmerism. Nevertheless, the anesthetic principles under which he operated are still scientifically valid today. In fact, as observed by Dr. Kroger, Dr. Esdaile’s belief in a “special consciousness” was actually a precursor to modern dynamic psychiatry, “in which the unconscious, with its emotional and volitional forces, exerts a powerful influence on human behavior.”

Another of the most significant principles advocated by Dr. Esdaile was the idea of a “rapport” which must exist between doctor and patient for hypnosis, and therefore surgery, to be most likely to succeed. As explained by Dr. Kroger, “James Esdaile was first and always a physician. What operated to his great...advantage was the one true supposition unknowingly advanced by Mesmer, namely, that a special ‘rapport’ must be established between doctor and patient. Esdaile intuitively understood...that his patient’s confidence in him and his own self-confidence, patience, skill and courage all contributed to his excellent results. The patient’s motivation, his ability uncritically to accept an idea, and his need to rely on the prestige of the doctor are of inestimable value in any form of healing....If the patient can feel this strong link with his physician, he can usually transcend his normal voluntary capacity so as to alter sensory and motor functions and thus initiate appropriate behavior.” In this seemingly simple explanation of “rapport” lie the seeds of hypnotic induction, transference, age regression and many of the other precepts on which modern clinical hypnotherapy and hypnoanalysis are based.

In addition to the valuable information presented therein, Hypnosis in Surgery and Medicine is a highly-entertaining work, providing, as it does, a charming illustration of the style of scientific writing prevalent during the period. Consider, for example, this somewhat flowery endorsement of hypnosis by Dr. Esdaile: “Mesmerism often comes to the aid of my patients, when all the resources of medicine are exhausted, and all the drugs of Arabia useless; and therefore, I consider it to be my duty to benefit them by it, and to assist in making it known for the advantage of mankind.”

The Fundamental Principles of Hypnosis
by Stanley L. Krebs, Ph.D.

Dr. Krebs stated, in the introduction to his book, that he had a threefold purpose in writing it:

“1. To give a bird’s eye view of the whole field, for busy people -- all about Suggestion, but not, of course, all of it.
“2. To tear from the subject that veil of mystery, or ‘occultism,’ with which so many initiates delight to surround it bef

The Roots of Modern Hypnosis is a compendium of three classic volumes on hypnosis, written by some of its most important practitioners. Read in sequence, these books provide a fascinating explication of the history of hypnosis, from the “animal magnetism,” “mesmerism,” and “universal fluid” of Franz Anton Mesmer as utilized by Dr. James Esdaile in his surgical facilities in India, to the First Modern (1961) International Congress on Hypnosis in New York City.

The three texts contained in The Roots of Modern Hypnosis are:

Hypnosis in Medicine and Surgery (originally entitled Mesmerism in India), by James Esdaile, M.D. The book contains an introduction and “Supplemental Reports on Hypnoanesthesia” by William S. Kroger, M.D. The original text was published in 1850; a revised edition, containing Dr. Kroger’s introduction and notes, was published in 1957 by The Institute for Research in Hypnosis Publication Society and The Julian Press, Inc.

The Fundamental Principles of Hypnosis (originally entitled The Law of Suggestion) by Stanley L. Krebs, Ph.D., published in 1906. The work was revised by Henry Guze, Ph.D., and republished in 1957, with a new introduction by Milton V. Kline, Ph.D., by The Institute for Research in Hypnosis Publication Society and The Julian Press, Inc.

The Nature of Hypnosis: Transactions of the 1961 [First Modern] International Congress on Hypnosis, edited and with an introduction by Milton V. Kline, Ph.D., Director of The Institute for Research in Hypnosis and Psychotherapy, and a Foreword by Lewis Wolberg, M.D., of The Postgraduate Center for Psychotherapy. The book was jointly published by the Institute and the Center.

Milton V. Kline, Ph.D., Director of The Institute for Research in Hypnosis and Psychotherapy, and of The Institute for Research in Hypnosis Publication Society, conceived the idea of publishing the current edition of each of these texts under a single title, The Roots of Modern Hypnosis. Dr. Kline has been widely acknowledged as one of the foremost experts on medical, psychological, clinical, therapeutic and experimental hypnotherapy and hypnoanalysis, with more than 50 years of experience in using, teaching and conducting research in hypnosis. His recognition and honors have been worldwide.

Hypnosis in Medicine and Surgery
by James Esdaile, M.D.

James Esdaile, M.D., was a young surgeon who was put in charge of a hospital for paupers and criminals in Hooghly, India, and then in charge of a medical facility in Calcutta, in the 1840’s. While in India, he made some of the most significant contributions to the history and evolution of hypnosis as a technique for pain control since it was discovered by Franz Anton Mesmer, circa 1775. In addition, despite the conditions under which he worked (heat, lack of proper sanitation, etc.), Dr. Esdaile proved conclusively that hypnosis was a reliable and relatively risk-free method for inducing deep anesthesia under which surgical operations could take place.

While in India, Dr. Esdaile performed approximately 300 major operations, as well as many more minor procedures, on patients under the “Mesmeric trance.” Among the cases which he treated were the removal of tumors from even the most sensitive parts of the body; the amputation of legs, arms and breasts; the extraction of teeth; the repair of bent limbs; and the cure of headaches, colic, eye inflammations, convulsions and nerve pain. In some cases, Dr. Esdaile was able to hypnotize his patients so deeply that their pupils failed to contract even when exposed to bright sunlight.

As Dr. Kroger points out in his introduction to the revised edition of Hypnosis in Medicine and Surgery, one of the most important aspects of Dr. Esdaile’s work involves the induction of an extraordinarily deep state of hypnosis in virtually all of his patients. Many of those on whom Dr. Esdaile operated lost little blood, manifested few or no signs of shock, and healed exceptionally rapidly, even by present-day standards. Says Dr. Esdaile, “I beg to state, for the satisfaction of those who have not yet a practical knowledge of the subject, that I have seen no bad consequences whatever arise from persons being operated on when in the mesmeric trance. Cases have occurred in which no pain has been felt subsequent to the operation even; the wounds healing in a few days by the first intention; and in the rest, I have seen no indications of any injury being done to the constitution. On the contrary, it appears to me to have been saved, and that less constitutional disturbance has followed than under ordinary circumstances. There has not been a death among the cases operated on.”

Adds Dr. Kroger, “All the refinements in surgical techniques, asepsis, blood plasma, hormones, and antibiotics have failed to match Esdaile’s record. Even...our present results using chemoanesthesia are not as efficacious in preventing surgical shock.”

Dr. Esdaile attributed the success of hypnosis in treating pain and inducing anesthesia to “thought transference,” or “clairvoyance.” He believed that thoughts were placed in the mind of the patient by the doctor, using a special consciousness awakened by mesmerism. Nevertheless, the anesthetic principles under which he operated are still scientifically valid today. In fact, as observed by Dr. Kroger, Dr. Esdaile’s belief in a “special consciousness” was actually a precursor to modern dynamic psychiatry, “in which the unconscious, with its emotional and volitional forces, exerts a powerful influence on human behavior.”

Another of the most significant principles advocated by Dr. Esdaile was the idea of a “rapport” which must exist between doctor and patient for hypnosis, and therefore surgery, to be most likely to succeed. As explained by Dr. Kroger, “James Esdaile was first and always a physician. What operated to his great...advantage was the one true supposition unknowingly advanced by Mesmer, namely, that a special ‘rapport’ must be established between doctor and patient. Esdaile intuitively understood...that his patient’s confidence in him and his own self-confidence, patience, skill and courage all contributed to his excellent results. The patient’s motivation, his ability uncritically to accept an idea, and his need to rely on the prestige of the doctor are of inestimable value in any form of healing....If the patient can feel this strong link with his physician, he can usually transcend his normal voluntary capacity so as to alter sensory and motor functions and thus initiate appropriate behavior.” In this seemingly simple explanation of “rapport” lie the seeds of hypnotic induction, transference, age regression and many of the other precepts on which modern clinical hypnotherapy and hypnoanalysis are based.

In addition to the valuable information presented therein, Hypnosis in Surgery and Medicine is a highly-entertaining work, providing, as it does, a charming illustration of the style of scientific writing prevalent during the period. Consider, for example, this somewhat flowery endorsement of hypnosis by Dr. Esdaile: “Mesmerism often comes to the aid of my patients, when all the resources of medicine are exhausted, and all the drugs of Arabia useless; and therefore, I consider it to be my duty to benefit them by it, and to assist in making it known for the advantage of mankind.”

The Fundamental Principles of Hypnosis
by Stanley L. Krebs, Ph.D.

Dr. Krebs stated, in the introduction to his book, that he had a threefold purpose in writing it:

“1. To give a bird’s eye view of the whole field, for busy people -- all about Suggestion, but not, of course, all of it.
“2. To tear from the subject that veil of mystery, or ‘occultism,’ with which so many initiates delight to surround it bef

The Roots of Modern Hypnosis is a compendium of three classic volumes on hypnosis, written by some of its most important practitioners. Read in sequence, these books provide a fascinating explication of the history of hypnosis, from the “animal magnetism,” “mesmerism,” and “universal fluid” of Franz Anton Mesmer as utilized by Dr. James Esdaile in his surgical facilities in India, to the First Modern (1961) International Congress on Hypnosis in New York City.

The three texts contained in The Roots of Modern Hypnosis are:

Hypnosis in Medicine and Surgery (originally entitled Mesmerism in India), by James Esdaile, M.D. The book contains an introduction and “Supplemental Reports on Hypnoanesthesia” by William S. Kroger, M.D. The original text was published in 1850; a revised edition, containing Dr. Kroger’s introduction and notes, was published in 1957 by The Institute for Research in Hypnosis Publication Society and The Julian Press, Inc.

The Fundamental Principles of Hypnosis (originally entitled The Law of Suggestion) by Stanley L. Krebs, Ph.D., published in 1906. The work was revised by Henry Guze, Ph.D., and republished in 1957, with a new introduction by Milton V. Kline, Ph.D., by The Institute for Research in Hypnosis Publication Society and The Julian Press, Inc.

The Nature of Hypnosis: Transactions of the 1961 [First Modern] International Congress on Hypnosis, edited and with an introduction by Milton V. Kline, Ph.D., Director of The Institute for Research in Hypnosis and Psychotherapy, and a Foreword by Lewis Wolberg, M.D., of The Postgraduate Center for Psychotherapy. The book was jointly published by the Institute and the Center.

Milton V. Kline, Ph.D., Director of The Institute for Research in Hypnosis and Psychotherapy, and of The Institute for Research in Hypnosis Publication Society, conceived the idea of publishing the current edition of each of these texts under a single title, The Roots of Modern Hypnosis. Dr. Kline has been widely acknowledged as one of the foremost experts on medical, psychological, clinical, therapeutic and experimental hypnotherapy and hypnoanalysis, with more than 50 years of experience in using, teaching and conducting research in hypnosis. His recognition and honors have been worldwide.

Hypnosis in Medicine and Surgery
by James Esdaile, M.D.

James Esdaile, M.D., was a young surgeon who was put in charge of a hospital for paupers and criminals in Hooghly, India, and then in charge of a medical facility in Calcutta, in the 1840’s. While in India, he made some of the most significant contributions to the history and evolution of hypnosis as a technique for pain control since it was discovered by Franz Anton Mesmer, circa 1775. In addition, despite the conditions under which he worked (heat, lack of proper sanitation, etc.), Dr. Esdaile proved conclusively that hypnosis was a reliable and relatively risk-free method for inducing deep anesthesia under which surgical operations could take place.

While in India, Dr. Esdaile performed approximately 300 major operations, as well as many more minor procedures, on patients under the “Mesmeric trance.” Among the cases which he treated were the removal of tumors from even the most sensitive parts of the body; the amputation of legs, arms and breasts; the extraction of teeth; the repair of bent limbs; and the cure of headaches, colic, eye inflammations, convulsions and nerve pain. In some cases, Dr. Esdaile was able to hypnotize his patients so deeply that their pupils failed to contract even when exposed to bright sunlight.

As Dr. Kroger points out in his introduction to the revised edition of Hypnosis in Medicine and Surgery, one of the most important aspects of Dr. Esdaile’s work involves the induction of an extraordinarily deep state of hypnosis in virtually all of his patients. Many of those on whom Dr. Esdaile operated lost little blood, manifested few or no signs of shock, and healed exceptionally rapidly, even by present-day standards. Says Dr. Esdaile, “I beg to state, for the satisfaction of those who have not yet a practical knowledge of the subject, that I have seen no bad consequences whatever arise from persons being operated on when in the mesmeric trance. Cases have occurred in which no pain has been felt subsequent to the operation even; the wounds healing in a few days by the first intention; and in the rest, I have seen no indications of any injury being done to the constitution. On the contrary, it appears to me to have been saved, and that less constitutional disturbance has followed than under ordinary circumstances. There has not been a death among the cases operated on.”

Adds Dr. Kroger, “All the refinements in surgical techniques, asepsis, blood plasma, hormones, and antibiotics have failed to match Esdaile’s record. Even...our present results using chemoanesthesia are not as efficacious in preventing surgical shock.”

Dr. Esdaile attributed the success of hypnosis in treating pain and inducing anesthesia to “thought transference,” or “clairvoyance.” He believed that thoughts were placed in the mind of the patient by the doctor, using a special consciousness awakened by mesmerism. Nevertheless, the anesthetic principles under which he operated are still scientifically valid today. In fact, as observed by Dr. Kroger, Dr. Esdaile’s belief in a “special consciousness” was actually a precursor to modern dynamic psychiatry, “in which the unconscious, with its emotional and volitional forces, exerts a powerful influence on human behavior.”

Another of the most significant principles advocated by Dr. Esdaile was the idea of a “rapport” which must exist between doctor and patient for hypnosis, and therefore surgery, to be most likely to succeed. As explained by Dr. Kroger, “James Esdaile was first and always a physician. What operated to his great...advantage was the one true supposition unknowingly advanced by Mesmer, namely, that a special ‘rapport’ must be established between doctor and patient. Esdaile intuitively understood...that his patient’s confidence in him and his own self-confidence, patience, skill and courage all contributed to his excellent results. The patient’s motivation, his ability uncritically to accept an idea, and his need to rely on the prestige of the doctor are of inestimable value in any form of healing....If the patient can feel this strong link with his physician, he can usually transcend his normal voluntary capacity so as to alter sensory and motor functions and thus initiate appropriate behavior.” In this seemingly simple explanation of “rapport” lie the seeds of hypnotic induction, transference, age regression and many of the other precepts on which modern clinical hypnotherapy and hypnoanalysis are based.

In addition to the valuable information presented therein, Hypnosis in Surgery and Medicine is a highly-entertaining work, providing, as it does, a charming illustration of the style of scientific writing prevalent during the period. Consider, for example, this somewhat flowery endorsement of hypnosis by Dr. Esdaile: “Mesmerism often comes to the aid of my patients, when all the resources of medicine are exhausted, and all the drugs of Arabia useless; and therefore, I consider it to be my duty to benefit them by it, and to assist in making it known for the advantage of mankind.”

The Fundamental Principles of Hypnosis
by Stanley L. Krebs, Ph.D.

Dr. Krebs stated, in the introduction to his book, that he had a threefold purpose in writing it:

“1. To give a bird’s eye view of the whole field, for busy people -- all about Suggestion, but not, of course, all of it.
“2. To tear from the subject that veil of mystery, or ‘occultism,’ with which so many initiates delight to surround it bef